Standard charger is refered that the charging time is longer, because its charge current is small. But it is not easy to damage the battery molecules, thus increasing the battery life.

Fast charger 's current is larger, and it will appear to charge, false saturation state, etc.. These factors can shorten the life of the battery.

There is no impact on the mobile phone but it will have a little bad effect on the  battery with overheating and some were likely to explode.